These systems are aimed
Radar behind the grille, cameras behind the windshield, sensors in the bumpers. They're positioned to tight tolerances. Repair the part they're mounted to and their aim can change.
What can go wrong
A misaimed sensor doesn't usually throw a warning light. It just misjudges — a distance, a lane edge, a closing speed. Then it makes a decision based on that misjudgment at highway speed.
Static and dynamic
Some vehicles need static calibration with targets in a controlled space. Some need a dynamic calibration performed while driving. Many need both. The manufacturer specifies which, and that specification is part of the repair.
